You’re likely no stranger to two-dimensional barcodes if you enjoy eating out, shopping, or doing anything that involves the outdoors. Today, barcodes are everywhere, from retail stores to doctors’ offices.
Two types of two-dimensional codes are QR Codes and Data Matrix Codes, and both have revolutionized how users interact with data.
Despite sharing similarities in structure and technology, the two types of codes are inherently different in readability, data storage capabilities, and applications. Marketing specialists are better suited to learning how to create QR Codes, whereas manufacturers are better suited to learning about Data Matrix Codes.
Understanding their similarities and differences will help you determine the best one for your business or intended purpose.
What are Data Matrix Codes?
Data Matrix Codes are 2D barcodes developed in 1987 by International Data Matrix Inc. (ID Matrix). They carry a lot of information in a seemingly small space by encoding data in black-and-white modules. The modules are arranged in rectangular or square patterns to make it easy for scanners to decode their data.
The core elements in a Data Matrix Code are:
- Data region: This is the area where encoded data is stored.
- Finder pattern: This is the solid “L” shape that allows barcode scanners to determine the position of the code.
- Timing pattern: This is a sequence of modules found on the opposite sides of the finder pattern that helps scanners determine the number of rows and columns in a Data Matrix Code.
- Quiet zone: This is the white background that surrounds the Data Matrix Code. It allows scanners to detect the code accurately.
Data Matrix Codes have numerous applications, including product tracking, quality control, and access control—more on this and other applications later.
What are QR Codes?
Quick Response (QR) Codes are also 2D barcodes that encode vast amounts of data in small spaces. They were developed by Denso Wave and its lead developer, Masahiro Hara, after realizing they had to use as many as ten one-dimensional (1D) barcodes to track a single product. 1D barcodes also caused production backups, as they could only be scanned from one direction.
QR Codes proved to be the perfect solution to these problems. They contain more information than traditional barcodes and can handle Kanji and alphanumeric characters, unlike 1D barcodes.
While they were first designed for the automotive industry, the popularity of QR Codes grew across food and pharmaceutical industries for product traceability. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) further popularized them by adding them to its international standards list. QR Codes have been growing ever since, with the invention of smartphone cameras that scan them and later the COVID-19 pandemic, which made people more cautious about physical contact.
They work by encoding large amounts of data in the white and black modules. When scanned, the data is decoded, revealing whichever information you want users to see. QR Codes have numerous functionalities, including marketing, event planning, and navigation.
Key similarities between Data Matrix and QR Codes
A fundamental similarity between the two types of codes is that they’re both two-dimensional. This means they can store data both vertically and horizontally.
They also use black-and-white modules to store information. The modules become dense as you add information, translating to a busier-looking appearance the more you encode data.
Both types also require a quiet zone for optimal functioning. The quiet zone helps readers and scanners detect the presence of barcodes, facilitating accurate decoding.
Differences between Data Matrix and QR Codes
It’s normal to confuse Data Matrix and QR Codes if you’re new to barcodes. But, while they may look somewhat alike, they are more different than similar. Here are the core differences between them:
Data storage and capacity
Data capacity is the amount of information a barcode can hold. While both types can encode significant amounts, QR Codes have a higher data volume than Data Matrix Codes.
QR Codes can hold 2,953 bytes of information, while Data Matrix Codes can encode roughly 1,556 bytes. This makes QR Codes suitable for embedding huge volumes of data.
Physical size and appearance
We know what you’re thinking. How can their appearance differ when they are both black-and-white modules in square or rectangular patterns?
While they may appear similar, a close look at the two types of codes will show you they’re not. The finder pattern of Data Matrix Codes is L-shaped, whereas that of QR Codes consists of identical squares at the top right and left sides and bottom left corner.
Their physical size is also different. Data Matrix Codes are smaller than QR Codes because they have a higher density. Their high density allows them to store information in a smaller space than a QR Code would typically occupy.
Their appearance also differs because of their customization capabilities. QR Codes offer more customization options, allowing businesses to integrate images, logos, and colors into their designs. This level of customization isn’t possible with Data Matrix Codes.
Error correction and readability
Error correction is a barcode’s ability to remain readable even when dirty or partially damaged.
Data Matrix Codes have a maximum error correction of 30%—this means scanning Data Matrix Codes that are 30% damaged can still lead users to the intended information. The error correction rate is automatically determined by the code’s remaining storage capacity and size.
QR Codes have error correction rates ranging from 7% to 30%. Unlike Data Matrix Codes, QR Codes’ error correction level can be adjusted manually.
Industry adoption and use cases
Data Matrix Codes are mainly used to mark small items like jewelry because they can store a lot of information in small spaces. They’re also used in the automotive and aerospace industries to help identify components moving through the supply chain.
QR Codes are more common in everyday life. They have numerous applications, including marketing, promotions, event planning, sharing contact information, and contactless payments. They’re popular because they’re scannable by most smartphone cameras.
Use cases for Data Matrix
Data Matrix Codes enhance items’ traceability throughout the supply chain. This makes them ideal for manufacturers, distributors, and retailers. Here are some common use cases for the barcode:
Product tracking and identification
Data Matrix Codes are used in logistics and supply chain management. They help identify and track products, from manufacturing to distribution to retail, giving key players in the supply chain more control over their products.
Using Data Matrix Codes for product tracking improves product safety and supply chain efficiency. It also reduces the risk of counterfeiting, as users can scan the barcodes to determine products’ authenticity.
Inventory management
Businesses encode item details on Data Matrix Codes. This way, whenever a user scans the barcode, the associated product registers as sold in the company’s systems. This helps keep track of inventory levels, preventing stockouts and overstocks.
Quality control
Data Matrix Codes can carry a wide array of information. Manufacturers dealing in sensitive products like pharmaceuticals use them to embed product quality information on their products.
When scanned, the codes can reveal sensitive information, such as product manufacturing dates and batch numbers, allowing distributors and retailers to identify defective or expired products before they reach the final consumer.
Document tracking
Data Matrix Codes are also used to trace and manage sensitive financial, medical, and legal documents. They can be printed on the envelopes carrying such documents, giving users information on their contents. This can prevent unauthorized handling of sensitive information.
Secure access control
Data Matrix Codes are also used on access control applications to promote security. Businesses encode employees’ information on the codes and print them on their IDs. This way, they can authenticate their identities and keep track of everyone who accesses their premises.
Use cases for QR Codes
QR Codes have more widespread usage, their functionality spanning beyond the supply chain. Chances are, you come across QR Codes at least once a day, whether when eating at your favorite restaurant, reading print advertisements, or simply taking a stroll around town.
Here are common use cases for QR Codes:
Marketing and advertising
Businesses use QR Codes to enhance their marketing campaigns. They help bridge the gap between physical and digital platforms by allowing audiences to access detailed information on products and promotions on their smartphones. When scanned, they direct users to promotional videos, business websites, product catalogs, social media pages, and more.
Dynamic QR Codes are top-rated among marketing experts as they allow them to keep track of critical metrics like the number of scans they receive. This information can improve future campaigns.
You can find QR Codes on business cards, product packaging, billboards, banners, digital displays, and other advertisement materials.
Event registration and ticketing
QR Codes simplify event planning by facilitating seamless ticketing and communication between event planners and attendees. Attendees can scan these barcodes to register for events, buy tickets, and access pertinent information, such as an event’s venue, time, and expected guests.
Event planners get real-time updates on the number of tickets sold, facilitating efficient event organization.
Menu and ordering systems
Modern restaurants and cafes are increasingly moving away from traditional paper menus and embracing QR Codes. When scanned, these 2D barcodes allow customers to view digital menus, place orders, and pay for meals.
Dynamic QR Codes are a common choice for restaurants as they’re editable. When you create a Dynamic QR Code, you can edit its destination URL at a future date—therefore, you can update your menu or prices without needing to create a new barcode.
Navigation and wayfinding
QR Codes are revolutionizing navigation by allowing users to find their way in new locations without using bulky maps.
You can find navigation QR Codes in buildings with numerous rooms and hallways, like business centers and shopping malls. When scanned, the QR Codes provide directions and information on different points of interest, so you never have to worry about getting lost.
Interactive experiences and games
QR Codes are integrated into numerous activities for smoother and more convenient experiences. You can find them in museums, providing additional information on exhibits, and in games like scavenger hunts, allowing players to access game details on their smartphones.
In museums, they provide a richer experience for visitors and eliminate the need for guides to explain every exhibit detail. In games, they allow players to access information faster, facilitating a more fun experience.
Which code solution is right for you?
Both types of codes are beneficial for modern businesses. However, QR Codes are ahead of Data Matrix Codes, as evidenced by their wide adoption.
They have a larger data capacity, allowing you to store significant data. They’re also more customizable—you can add an image that resonates with your business to your barcode, allowing clients to differentiate your QR Code from others.
To top it all off, QR Codes can be decoded by various devices, including mobile phones. This isn’t always possible with Data Matrix Codes—you may need to install a third-party app or invest in a barcode scanner to read their information.
Easily generate QR Codes with Bitly
Though often confused for each other, QR and Data Matrix Codes are different. They have varying data storage capabilities, physical appearances, readability, and use cases.
At Bitly, we’re committed to providing the best business solutions for our clients. Our customers have access to a reliable QR Code generator that allows them to custom-build codes for everything from marketing campaigns to games.
Ready to enhance client experiences? Sign up today to start creating QR Codes for free!